The theory of internal rotation for molecules with twofold barriers is used to calculate the rotational coefficients for phenol using three possible structures. The difference in coefficients for the substates of the ground torsional state is found to be quite dependent upon the structure of the hydroxyl group. Structural parameters for the hydroxyl group are obtained which are consistent with the observed splittings of the microwave rotational spectra.
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C. Richard Quade (1968) studied this question.