Irreversible Effects in Rats of Toluene (Inhalation) Exposure for Six Months

The irreversible CNS effects of six months' exposure to toluene (0, 500, and 1500 p.p.m.) in rats was studied applying a multi-disciplinary approach. After an exposure-free period, neurobehavioural, morphometric, pathological, and biochemical examinations were performed. No neurobehavioural or gross pathological changes were found. Morphometric measurements did not show loss of neurones. At 500 p.p.m. the mean nuclear volume and mean perikaryonal volume and the variation of the values of these parameters was increased in the exposed groups compared to the controls. Noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels were significantly changed in various brain regions. It is concluded that this investigation failed to reveal overt toluene-induced CNS-neurotoxicity, however, certain irreversible effects were found which further add to the accumulating evidence of the chronic CNS-neurotoxicity of toluene.