Quality of life in women and men after coronary artery bypass surgery

The magnitude of QoL improvement after CABG in women is comparable with that in men.

Figure 1. Comparison of mean European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values (±standard deviation) between women and men at baseline and at individual time points after coronary artery bypass grafting. Boxes show the 25th to 75th percentiles, with the median as horizontal line. Whiskers represent the minimum and maximum nonoutlier values; outliers appear as individual dots. For subgroups with ≤14 observations, all data points are shown. Crosses indicate mean values. QoL, Quality of life.

Figure 2. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values from baseline after coronary artery bypass grafting. Points show estimated changes in index value for women (red) and men (blue) at follow-up time points, with 95% CIs, from the fully adjusted mixed-effects model (model 3). The right panel shows index value change differences between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values show greater improvement in men.

Figure 3. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values across postoperative intervals. Changes in index value between follow-up intervals are shown for women (red) and men (blue), with 95% CIs from the adjusted mixed-effects model (model 3). The right panel shows the difference in index value change between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values show greater improvement in men.

Figure 4. Mean European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level scores for mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression in women (red) and men (blue) from baseline to 4 years after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. Values are presented as means with 95% CIs; corresponding mean scores and P values are shown below each panel.

Figure E1. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values from baseline after coronary artery bypass grafting. Points represent estimated changes in index value for women (red) and men (blue) at each follow-up time point, with 95% CIs, derived from the non adjusted mixed-effects model (model 1). The right panel shows the difference in index value change from baseline between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and corresponding P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values indicate greater improvement in men.

Figure E2. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values from baseline after coronary artery bypass grafting. Points represent estimated changes in index value for women (red) and men (blue) at each follow-up time point, with 95% CIs, derived from the mixed-effects model adjusted for age (model 2). The right panel shows the difference in index value change from baseline between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and corresponding P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values indicate greater improvement in men.

Figure E3. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values within successive postoperative time intervals. Estimated changes in index value between consecutive follow-up intervals are shown separately for women (red) and men (blue), with 95% CIs derived from the nonadjusted mixed-effects model (model 1). The right panel displays the difference in index value change between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and corresponding P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values indicate greater improvement in men.

Figure E4. Sex-specific changes in European QoL 5-Dimension 5-Level index values within successive postoperative time intervals. Estimated changes in index value between consecutive follow-up intervals are shown separately for women (red) and men (blue), with 95% CIs derived from the mixed-effects model adjusted for age (model 2). The right panel displays the difference in index value change between women and men (reference), with 95% CIs and corresponding P values. Positive values indicate greater improvement in women; negative values indicate greater improvement in men.

Figure E5. Distribution of European QoL 5-Dimension Mobility by follow-up and sex.

Figure E6. Distribution of European QoL 5-Dimension Self-Care by follow-up and sex.

Figure E7. Distribution of European QoL 5-Dimension Activity by follow-up and sex.