A numerical analysis of the grating coupling for a two-dimensional circular aperture mesh metal grating coupled GaAs quantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) has been carried out. The inner products of Floquet modes and waveguide modes were derived in a simple analytic form. Using the normalized wavelength and normalized aperture radius, two sets of universal plots were generated to display the normalized total power and absorption angle of the higher-order diffracted waves versus normalized wavelength for the grating coupler. From these universal plots, the optimum grating parameters for the GaAs QWIPs can be obtained. The results show a 2.7 times enhancement of the responsivity at 10.2 μm wavelength for the circular aperture metal grating coupler over that of the 45° edge-illuminated GaAs QWIP.
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Wang et al. (1994) studied this question.
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