The problems of rubber hypersensitivity (Types I and IV) in chronic leg ulcer and stasis eczema patients

The prevalence of Type I and Type IV hypersensitivity to rubber allergens in patients with stasis eczema and/or venous leg ulcers over an 18-month period was studied by prick and patch testing. Results from 109 patients were analysed. Positive patch tests were found in 71 patients (65%). Delayed-type hypersensitivity to rubber chemicals was found in 17 patients (15.6%). However, only 1 patient who had additional risk factors showed Type I hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex. We therefore conclude that, although Type IV hypersensitivity to rubber chemicals is relatively common in our patients, Type I hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex remains rare.