Dynamic critical behaviors of three-dimensional XY models related to superconductors/superfluids

The dynamic critical exponent z is determined from numerical simulations for the three-dimensional XY model subject to two types of dynamics, i.e. , relaxational dynamics and resistively shunted junction (RSJ) dynamics, as well as for two different treatments of the boundary, i.e. , periodic boundary condition (PBC) and fluctuating twist boundary condition (FTBC). In case of relaxational dynamics, finite-size scaling at the critical temperature gives z ≈ 2 for PBC and 1.5 for FTBC, while for RSJ dynamics z ≈ 1.5 is obtained in both cases. The results are discussed in the context of superfluid/superconductors and vortex dynamics, and are compared with what has been found for other related models.