Using vacuolar perfusion, which enabled us to replace the cell sap with a solution containing no k+, Na+ and Cl−, the concentrations of these ions in the protoplasm of three species of fresh water Characeae were determined. They were respectively, 78, 2 and 27 mM in Nitella flexilis, 101, 9 and 31 mM in Nitella pulchella, and 112, 3 and 21 mM in Chara australis. Our previously reported results (3) indicating that the chloroplast layer contained much more Na+ and Cl− than the endoplasm has been questioned in the light of the present results.
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Tazawa et al. (1974) studied this question.