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12 institutionalized elderly men (those over 65 yr.) participated in an investigation to assess the influence of control on the self-esteem (feelings of self-worth) of the respondents. Langer's 1983 concept of perception of control guided the use of a modified pretest-posttest design. Analysis indicated that having input in decision-making process can enhance institutionalized elderly males' self-esteem and contribute toward improving their quality of life. Possibilities for extending and refining this research are addressed.
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Usha Chowdhary (1990) studied this question.
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