The crystal structure of the title cation (1) shows it to possess a system of strongly localised alternant double bonds which can be interpreted in terms of a dominant pseudo-quaternary canonical form. Its i.r. spectrum contains a doublet near 1 700 cm–1 which is interpreted, on the results of deuteriation, as ν(CN+) coupled with δ(NH2) and with other ring modes. The electron distribution revealed by both techniques helps to explain the high and localised reactivity of the cation.
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Jarvis et al. (1979) studied this question.