Cerebral Microemboli During Hip Fracture Fixation: A Prospective Study

In Brief BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that cerebral fat microembolism takes place during surgery for hip or knee replacement. In this study, we examined the occurrence of cerebral microembolism, solid or gas, during a standard procedure of hip fracture fixation. METHODS: This was a prospective study of patients who underwent urgent surgery with a dynamic hip screw for hip fracture fixation. During surgery, patients were monitored with transcranial Doppler for detection of microemboli from right and left middle cerebral arteries. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were included in the study; their median age was 82 yr (range, 51–97 yr). In nine (41%) patients, high intensity transient signals were recorded, indicating microemboli passage in the middle cerebral arteries. All nine patients had signals of both solid and gas emboli. One of these nine patients had a postoperative cerebrovascular accident. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of cerebral microemboli during urgent surgery for hip fracture fixation is considerable. This phenomenon is not confined to hip or knee replacement surgery. The clinical implications of this finding require further investigation. IMPLICATIONS: This is a prospective study of 22 patients who underwent hip fracture fixation surgery. Using transcranial Doppler during the surgery, signals of solid and gas microemboli in the cerebral circulation were detected in nine of these patients.