An improved method of constructing a smooth-response spectrum from peak values of ground acceleration, velocity, and displacement (pga, pgv, and pgd) is presented. Improved dynamic amplification factors are presented for applying damping adjustments to the spectral accelerations or to backcalculate pga, pgv, and pgd from spectral accelerations. Horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios are analyzed for rock and soil sites to allow the construction of a vertical design spectrum from a given horizontal design spectrum.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Praveen K. Malhotra (2006) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 3 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: