The EMTG murine solid tumor was employed to examine the combined effect of gamma irradiation and chemotherapy. A dose of cyclophosphamide, actinomycin D, BCNU, and bleomycin A2, selected to yield a 10% survival fraction when given singly, was administered 2 hours before single graded doses of whole-body irradiation and the results compared to a radiation-only dose-response curve. Bleomycin A2 and BCNU modified the shoulder region of the curve. Actinomycin D was less than additive in the hypoxic region of the curve, while cyclophosphamide was simply additive throughout the curve, suggesting that it killed both well-oxygenated and poorly-oxygenated tumor cells in similar proportions.
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Wharam et al. (1973) studied this question.