Discriminating Value of Total Minor Physical Anomaly Score on the Waldrop Physical Anomaly Scale Between Schizophrenia Patients and Normal Control Subjects

Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are slight structural aberrations that are believed to be associated with abnormal neurodevelopment. Studies of schizophrenia patients show that these patients score higher in MPAs than normal controls. The present study attempted to assess the potential value of MPAs as a classifying test in the status schizophrenia patient versus normal control. Seventy-six schizophrenia patients and 82 normal controls were assessed for MPAs using the Waldrop Physical Anomaly Scale, and specificity, sensitivity, and predictive value of the total MPA score were determined. A significantly higher percentage of schizophrenia patients than normal controls had high numbers of MPAs. Total MPA scores higher than 4 showed the most balanced set of sensitivity (76.3%), specificity (72.0%), and positive (71.6%) and negative (76.6%) predictive values for schizophrenia and were the cutoff scores that optimally discriminate schizophrenia patients from normal controls. Schizophrenia patients showed a higher percentage of subjects with prominent MPA scores. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that MPAs might reflect extragenetic stressful events and present total MPA score as a reliable index in distinguishing between schizophrenia patients and normal controls.