We report the observation of efficient fluorescence upconversion in Sm-doped Gd2O3 nanopowders prepared by the spray pyrolysis method. The blue upconversion emission was observed with low-power continuous-wave excitation at 514, 561, 594, and 633nm and with a pulsed femtosecond at 710nm, in a laser scanning confocal microscope. This result indicates that Sm-doped Gd2O3 has the potential as a fluorescent label that may be excited in red, yellow, and green with blue emission.
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Dosev et al. (2005) studied this question.
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