Investigation on shock wave mitigation performance of two 3D reentrant star-shaped metamaterials

The rapid growth of modern chemical and energy industries has led to a rise in explosion incidents, posing serious risks to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. This study investigates the shock wave mitigation performance of 3D reentrant star-shaped negative Poisson’s ratio structures (RS) and 3D reentrant circle star-shaped negative Poisson’s ratio structures (RCS). Shock tube experiments were conducted to analyze their performance under different angles and material configurations, focusing on pressure and acceleration mitigation ratios. Results show that the mitigation performance of RS and RCS is significantly influenced by angle. RS achieves optimal pressure and acceleration mitigation at 70°, while RCS performs best at 80°. In terms of material configurations, the SS combination demonstrates the most effective shock wave mitigation for both structures due to its intrinsic properties. For pressure mitigation, RS outperforms RCS at smaller angles (60°, 65°, 70°), while RCS shows enhanced vibration suppression capabilities at larger angles (75°, 80°). In acceleration mitigation, RS generally performs better under most material configurations (HH, HS, SH), but RCS, when combined with the SS configuration, surpasses RS across all angles, achieving superior acceleration mitigation.