Results from two popular models for the complex permittivity of liquid water were compared, as applied to radiative transfer computations in the 5-250 GHz range. Substantial differences were found in situations with cloud temperatures below 0/spl deg/C. Simulations of cloud liquid water retrievals from satellite and ground-based instruments demonstrated that uncertainties in the models at low temperatures can lead to large retrieval errors.
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Lipton et al. (1999) studied this question.