Two-Phase Flow and Its Applications: Past, Present, and Future

This article presents the three main alternative approaches to the prediction of two-phase flow systems (empirical, analytical, and phenomenological) and explores their advantages and disadvantages. Empirical correlations are the most widely used but have considerable error whereas full analytical treatments are rarely applicable. By understanding the phenomena involved and representing them by simple models, better prediction methods are feasible. This approach is exemplified in its application to the prediction of annular two-phase flow and to the prediction of two-phase flow in equipment, for example a kettle reboiler. The article closes by indicating the possible lines that future development may follow in this area.