Key result
Higher endothelin-1 levels linked to increased 30-day COVID-19 mortality, but not at 12 months.
Why the study?
High endothelin-1 is linked to severe complications and in-hospital mortality during COVID-19, but its association with 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality needed investigation.
Are endothelin-1 levels associated with 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19?
Cohort
Are endothelin-1 levels associated with 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19?
Elevated endothelin-1 levels are associated with increased 30-day mortality in acute COVID-19, but this association does not persist for 12-month mortality among survivors.
Endothelin-1 may flag short-term mortality risk in acute COVID-19; leaves open long-term utility and requires prospective validation.
(1) Background: Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. High endothelin-1 during COVID-19 is associated with severe complications and increased mortality rates during hospitalization. This study is aimed to investigate the association of endothelin-1 levels with the risk of 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality in patients with prior COVID-19. (2) Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving patients with COVID-19 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The level of endothelin-1 in the blood serum was evaluated by ELISA. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to determine factors and significance of endothelin-1 associated with the risk of mortality within 30 and 365 days from hospitalization. (3) Results: The median endothelin-1 was higher in the group of patients who passed away within 30 days. The group showed statistically significant differences when compared to healthy volunteers from the control group (p = 0.0001), surviving patients (p = 0.001), and those who passed away within a year (p = 0.002). (4) Conclusions: Endothelin-1 levels are associated with increased mortality risk during the acute period of COVID-19, while plasma endothelin-1 level association with COVID-19 survivor mortality risk does not persist after 12 months.
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Turgunova et al. (2023) conducted a cohort in COVID-19. Endothelin-1 levels vs. Healthy volunteers and surviving patients was evaluated on 30-day and 12-month all-cause mortality (p=0.001). Higher endothelin-1 levels were associated with increased 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients compared to surviving patients (p=0.001), but this association did not persist at 12 months.
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