The rheological properties of three types of fluids that exhibit large normal stresses are examined and compared. These fluids have a constant or nearly constant viscosity and can be used as model viscoelastic fluids, covering a range of viscosity from 0.1 to 124 Pa.s. One lubricant, Emkarox FC 31‐45000, is shown to have the characteristics of a second‐order fluid. Series difficulties encountered in measuring the rheological properties of the Separan—corn syrup solutions (Boger fluids) are reported. The Emkarox and solutions of polyacrylamide (Pusher 700) in mixtures of glycerine and water are proposed as better model fluids.
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Choplin et al. (1983) studied this question.
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