Self‐construal as a predictor of communal and exchange orientation in Taiwan and the USA

Based on a three‐dimensional model of self‐construal (independent, collective interdependent, and relational interdependent self‐construal), the present study investigated whether self‐construal systematically related to exchange and communal orientation with data (357 participants) collected in Taiwan (N = 178) and the USA (N = 179). United States participants scored significantly higher on all scales except for relational interdependent self‐construal. Females exhibited significantly higher scores for relational interdependent self‐construal and communal orientation. As predicted, independent self‐construal was related to exchange orientation and relational interdependent self‐construal was related to communal orientation. However, in contrast to what was expected, collective interdependent self‐construal was only marginally related to communal orientation. The findings for scales revised for validity were compared with scales including all items. This comparison disclosed differences for exchange orientation.