The effect of optical density on the heterodyne-detected accumulated photon echo is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The cause of the distortion of the echo temporal behavior observed in the ⁴G5/2 manifold of Nd:YAG (where YAG is yttrium aluminum garnet) is attributed to the optical-density effect, which is closely related to the change of the field correlation function as the excitation pulse propagates through the sample.
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Saikan et al. (1987) studied this question.
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