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An electric transmission line periodically 100-LC-circuit loaded with variable-capacitance diodes has been constructed to study solitary-wave (soliton) formation in a dispersive medium. A rectangular pulse fed into the nonlinear, lumped LC transmission line has been observed to be steepened by the nonlinear effect at the early stages. The steepened signal has been observed to decrease and broaden during propagation along the line and eventually change into solitons at around the seventh or eighth stage by a delicate balance between the nonlinear effect due to voltage-dependent capacitance and the dispersion effect due to the LC circuit.
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Taijū Tsuboi (1990) studied this question.
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