Factors and modulators of the avian immune system (review)

The modern development of poultry breeding is marked by genetic and breeding achievements aimed at increasing productivity and reducing rearing time. Prospects of modern research are directed to the search for new technologies that contribute to the increase of organism resistance and reveal genetic potential. The presented review systematizes data on structural and functional features of the immune system of poultry, considers etiological factors of immunosuppression and analyzes determinants affecting the formation of nonspecific resistance of the organism. The data on the key role of essential trace elements, including zinc, selenium, iron, iodine, manganese and copper, in the regulation of immune status are presented.