Linear elastic fracture mechanics-based discrete crack propagation simulations are presented as the pullout of an anchor group from a concrete matrix. The group was modeled as a periodic arrangement of anchors and load-carrying capacities and crack paths were determined as functions of relative depth and spacing. The results suggest that American Concrete Institute design formulas for predicting the capacity of group anchors are highly conservative, and that three-dimensional fracture mechanics-based simulations offer great promise for improving design formulas associated with specific anchor geometries and loadings.
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Roberto Ballarini (2016) studied this question.
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