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Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics (1- x )K 0.5 Na 0.5 (Nb 0.94 Sb 0.06 )O 3 – x LiTaO 3 have been fabricated by a conventional solid-state sintering technique. The ceramics can be well sintered at 1080–1110 °C and exhibit a dense, single-phase perovskite structure at x ≤ 0.06. Coexistence of the tetragonal and orthorhombic phases is formed in the ceramics with 0.02 < x < 0.05, leading to a significant enhancement in piezoelectric properties. For the ceramic with x = 0.04, the piezoelectric properties become optimum: piezoelectric constant d 33 = 271 pC N −1 , electromechanical coupling coefficients k P = 0.53 and k t = 0.43. Moreover, the ceramics are non-deliquescent and exhibit excellent performance in transducer applications, indicating that the ceramics are ready for replacing lead-containing ceramics in practical applications.
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Lin et al. (2008) studied this question.
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