Synthesis and Thermal Curing of Benzoxazine Functionalized Polyurethanes

Benzoxazine (BOX) functionalized polyurethanes (PU) are introduced to provide a conceptually new thermal curing mechanism for polyurethanes. 3,4-Dihydro-3-methyl-2 H -1,3-benzoxazine (P-m) was carefully oligomerized through thermal treatment. In a straightforward synthesis the newly formed hydroxyl groups are used for end-capping reactions with isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers. The isocyanate reactive hydroxyl content (IRH) of the benzoxazine oligomer was investigated in detail via 1 H NMR spectroscopy, HPLC-MS, indirect potentiometric titration in various solvents, and comparison with model substances and found to be strongly influenced by hydrogen bonding. The corresponding polyurethane/benzoxazine hybrid materials (PU/BOX) can cross-link at elevated temperatures and do not suffer from shelf-life issues or outgassing of blocked isocyanates. The thermally activated curing reaction was investigated via rheology and DSC. Significant improvements over state-of-the-art systems based on phenol-capped PU prepolymers are shorter curing times, increased moduli, and drastically increased glass transition temperatures.