Key result
Hypertension in low-weight T2D is linked to ~35% higher CHD prevalence.
Why the study?
Obesity and hypertension are important cardiovascular risk factors for coronary heart disease in patients with T2DM, but their interactions remained to be explored.
Does the interaction between hypertension and body mass index affect the risk of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Observational (n=30,693)
Does the interaction between hypertension and body mass index affect the risk of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes?
In patients with type 2 diabetes, maintaining normal weight and avoiding low weight is particularly important to prevent coronary heart disease, especially in those with co-occurring hypertension.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypertension linked to higher CHD prevalence in low-weight T2D; hypothesis-generating for BMI interaction, needs prospective confirmation.
Purpose: In addition to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, obesity and hypertension are important cardiovascular risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to explore the interaction of these risk factors. Patients and Methods: Data of hospitalized patients with T2DM from 2013 to 2018 were collected. A multivariate logistic regression model was established. Patients with normal weight and blood pressure were recruited as controls. The interaction on the risk of CHD was evaluated by relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Results: Among the 30,693 patients with T2DM, 7202 (23.5%) had CHD. In the low weight group, the prevalence of CHD in patients with hypertension was nearly four times higher than that in patients without hypertension (42.7% vs 11.3%, P < 0.01). The OR value of hypertension alone on CHD increased from 1.29 (95% CI 1.06– 1.56) in the body mass index (BMI) 30.0– 34.9 kg/m 2 group to 1.35 (95% CI 1.11– 1.62) in the BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m 2 group. Additive interaction was observed between hypertension and BMI in CHD risk, especially in the low weight group (RERI:2.2, 95% CI 0.9– 3.5). BMI and CHD risk showed a smile curve relationship. The attributive proportion in the low weight group was higher than that in the severe obesity group, that is, 0.52 (95% CI 0.35– 0.69) vs 0.18 (95% CI − 0.59 to 0.95). Conclusion: Maintaining normal weight and avoiding low weight are particularly important for patients with co-occurring diabetes and hypertension to prevent the risk of CHD.
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Wang et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=30,693). Hypertension and low body mass index vs. Normal weight and blood pressure was evaluated on Coronary heart disease (CHD) (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.11-1.62, p=< 0.01). In patients with type 2 diabetes and low body weight, hypertension was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of coronary heart disease (42.7% vs 11.3%, P<0.01).
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