Malathion resistance in a strain of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was found to be malathion specific, triphenyl phosphate suppressible, autosomal, monofactorial, and semidominant after 15 generations of selection on up to 600 ppm malathion in flour. Confirmation of inheritance patterns was determined by filter paper resistance tests and repeatedly backcrossing heterozygotes to susceptibles. On wheat treated with 0, 4, 8 ppm malathion, with or without ground wheat (dockage), progeny production on insecticide-treated wheat was greatest by homozygous resistant parents, whereas heterozygous parents were more productive than homozygous ones on untreated wheat. Different instars raised to adult on the same malathion-treated medium showed that the presence of dockage increased survival and that homozygous resistant larvae were much more resistant than heterozygotes. Mortality was greater in all larvae than in adults. At present, low frequency levels of malathion-resistant strains of T. castaneum in Canada, and immigration of susceptible adults raising the proportion of heterozygous or susceptible progeny, should minimize control failures with malathion.
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White et al. (1988) studied this question.
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