Key result
Passive immunization with BDV-specific CD4+ T cells protects rats pre-infection but induces rapid disease post-infection.
The timing of BDV-specific CD4+ T cell transfer determines whether the immune response is protective or immunopathological in Borna disease.
Pre- vs post-infection CD4+ T-cell transfer yields opposing BDV effects in rats; leaves open relevance to human neurovirology.
In this report we show that passive immunization of Lewis rats with viable CD4+, Borna disease virus (BDV)-specific T cells before infection with BDV resulted in protection against BD, whereas inoculation of these T cells after BDV infection induced clinical disease with more rapid onset than seen in BDV control animals. The protective as well as encephalitogenic effector functions of BDV-specific CD4+ T cells were mediated only by viable BDV-specific T cells. The protective situation was obtained by passive transfer of BDV-specific T cells into animals inoculated later with virus, whereas the immunopathological situation was observed when virus-specific T cells developed normally or after adoptive transfer, and appeared on the scene after considerable virus replication in the brain.
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Richt et al. (1994) studied Borna disease. Passive immunization with viable CD4+, Borna disease virus (BDV)-specific T cells vs. BDV control animals was evaluated on Protection against Borna disease vs clinical disease. Passive immunization of Lewis rats with viable CD4+ BDV-specific T cells before BDV infection protected against Borna disease, whereas inoculation after infection induced rapid clinical disease.
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