We present a closed-loop adaptive optics system based on a holographic sensing method. The system uses a multiplexed holographic recording of the response functions of each actuator in a deformable mirror. By comparing the output intensity measured in a pair of photodiodes, the absolute phase can be measured over each actuator location. From this a feedback correction signal is applied to the input beam without need for a computer. The sensing and correction is applied to each actuator in parallel, so the bandwidth is independent of the number of actuator. We demonstrate a breadboard system using a 32-actuator MEMS deformable mirror capable of operating at over 10 kHz without a computer in the loop.
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Andersen et al. (2014) studied this question.
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