Essential Oil Composition of Tilia cordata Flowers

The purpose of the study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the Tilia cordata flowers from collected (“W”) and two commercially available products (“F” and “K”). Hydro-distillation of essential oils was carried out according to the Polish Pharmacopoeia VIII. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oil was carried out by GC/MS and GC/FID. The content of essential oils in the analyzed samples was 0.07 % v/w for “K” and 0.08 % v/w for “F” and “W”. In the essential oil obtained from commercial sample “F”, 71 compounds was detected, while in the EO hydro-distilled from sample “K” and “W”, 50 and 49 compounds were identified, respectively. GC/MS analysis showed that aliphatic hydrocarbons are the main fraction occurring in the analyzed essential oils. The dominant components present in all EOs included: 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (11-20 %), tricosane (6-17 %), heneicosane (3-9 %), nonanal (7 %), octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (7 %). Among terpenoids, linalool (4 %), menthone (3 %), borneol (2 %), menthol (3 %), terpinen-4-ol (1 %), p-cymene-8-ol (2 %), carvone (6 %), E-anethole (8 %), thymol (3 %) of E-β-damascenone (4 %), methyl eugenol (4 %), neryl acetone (4 %), δ-amorphene (2 %), lilial (2 %), caryophyllene oxide (1 %), humulene epoxide II (1 %), epi-α-muurolol (1 %), kaurene (4 %) were identified.