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The important difference between deep inelastic muon scattering off iron and that off deuterium, is explained, within the framework of our covariant parton model, by a reduced Fermi motion of the quarks bound in iron. It is attributed to a fraction g cℓ of the bound nucleons forming α -clusters. If the twelve valence quarks can move freely through clusters of the size of a free α -particle, the EMC data are well reproduced with g cℓ = (20 ± 5)%.
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Faissner et al. (1983) studied this question.
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