The Surgery and Problems of the Ureter in Human Renal Transplantation

Summary This study describes the urological complications associated with 200 consecutive renal allotransplantations performed between May 1967 and March 1973. Of these 176 were cadaver kidneys and 24 kidneys were from live donors. An outline of the surgical technique is followed by details of the postoperative management in straight‐forward and complicated cases. Details of radiological techniques are discussed. Urological complications are divided into those occurring soon after surgery and those developing after 3 months of satisfactory function. The possible causes are listed and means of identifying them described. The outcome of the various complications is described. There was an overall incidence of urological complications of 13–5% (5% due to primary obstruction and 7 % due to primary fistula formation). The mortality directly due to a urological complication was 4% and was highest (2%) in those due to primary urinary obstruction.