Dry Needling for Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorder of Muscular Origin: A Functional Approach to the Stomatognathic System

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Background: The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the function of the stomatognathic system in subjects with muscle temporomandibular disorder before and after seven days of dry needling in the masseter muscles. Materials and Methods:Twenty-one patients with temporomandibular disorders participated in this study.Dry needling was performed at trigger points of the masseter muscle.The following variables were evaluated: numerical visual scale, mandibular mobility, masticatory efficiency by electromyography of the masseter and temporal muscles, and occlusal force.Paired t-test and t-test were performed for the independent samples (p < 0.05).Results: Pain decreased (p < 0.001) and mobility increased in right (p = 0.028) and left (p = 0.022) laterality.There was no statistically significant difference in masticatory efficiency.The analysis of occlusal force distribution showed an increase in force on the left side (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Dry needling effectively improved the pain and function of the stomatognathic system in subjects with muscular temporomandibular disorders. Temporomandibular dysfunction is characterized by modifica-tions and damage to the structures associated with the stomatognathic system, such as muscles and articulations [1,2].Myofascial pain is a major symptom, with trigger points in the masticatory muscles, primarily the masseter muscles [3].Temporomandibular dysfunction are common and can have a significant impact on an individual's quality of life.These disorders cause symptoms like jaw pain, difficulty chewing, and headaches, leading to discomfort and limitations in daily activities.Emotional distress, sleep issues, and reduced self-esteem are also common, affecting overall well--being.Social interactions and participation in activities may be