Government Form and Public Spending: Theory and Evidence from U.S. Municipalities

There are two main forms of government in U.S. cities: council-manager and mayor-council.This paper develops a theory of fiscal policy determination under these two forms.The theory predicts that expected public spending will be lower under mayor-council, but that either form of government could be favored by a majority of citizens.The latter prediction means that the theory is consistent with the co-existence of both government forms.Support for the former prediction is found in both a cross-sectional analysis and a panel analysis of changes in government form.