The effective nonlinearity parameter B/A of water containing a three-dimensional ensemble of randomly distributed uniform-sized trapped cylindrical bubbles was measured. The experimental results indicate that the dramatic enhancement of the effective nonlinear parameter B/A is due to the nonlinear resonance oscillation of the trapped bubbles. The measured effective B/A for the system is of the magnitude of 10(4) to 10(5).
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Wu et al. (1991) studied this question.