Forty-two patients with acute pelvic inflammatory disease were treated using aztreonam, a monobactam, and clindamycin. Sixty-four percent of protocol patients were culture positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and 26% had positive endometrial cultures for other organisms. Fifty-one percent of patients had ultrasound findings consistent with a pelvic abscess. One patient with a tuboovarian abscess palpable to the umbilicus became afebrile and improved on treatment, but ultimately was treated surgically. All other protocol patients responded rapidly to the aztreonam-clindamycin regime, giving a 97.7% cure rate.
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Dodson et al. (1986) studied this question.