Key result
Surgical resection of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma mimicking recurrent PE yields 1-year survival.
Why the study?
Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma is a rare tumour that is often misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism.
Case Report (n=1)
No
Unexplained recurrent pulmonary embolism should raise suspicion for pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma, which can be successfully treated with surgical resection.
Alerts clinicians to PAIS in recurrent PE; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before changing diagnostics.
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (PE) are the third most common cardiovascular condition. Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a rare tumour and is often misdiagnosed as a PE. This case report presents a 50-year-old man with fever, dyspnoea, cough and thoracic pain since a month. The patient had a history of two PE episodes. After diagnostic screening for tumour, including laboratory parameters, transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography scan and positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan, PAIS was diagnosed. Unexplained recurrent PE should raise suspicion of a tumour or PAIS. LEARNING POINTS: Recurrent pulmonary embolism should raise suspicion for tumours.Imaging and histopathology play a crucial role in diagnosis of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma.Surgical resection as the primary treatment for pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma.
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Ioakeimidou et al. (2025) conducted a case report in Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma mimicking recurrent pulmonary embolism (n=1). Surgical resection (pulmonary embolectomy, pulmonary artery resection, and left pneumonectomy) was evaluated on Clinical outcome and survival. Surgical resection of a pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma mimicking recurrent pulmonary embolism resulted in significant clinical improvement and survival at 1 year post-surgery with an ECOG score of 1.
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