A high-intensity titanium-doped sapphire laser system has been developed which employs the technique of chirped pulse amplification (CPA). Pulses of 150 fs duration are produced with energies up to 60 mJ allowing focused intensities of up to 1017 W cm−2 on target. This system has proved to be a useful tool in the study of the interaction of strong fields with matter such as high harmonic generation, above-threshold ionization and molecular dynamics.
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Fraser et al. (1996) studied this question.
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