Key result
Advanced imaging techniques such as three-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography may facilitate a unified system for diagnosing and describing holes between the ventricles.
Advanced imaging techniques like 3D echocardiography and CT angiography may help establish a unified system for categorizing ventricular septal defects.
Controversy still exists in the categorization of holes between the ventricles, although they are the most common congenital cardiac malformation. Advanced imaging techniques such as three-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography offer superb anatomical details of these defects. In this review, we have sought to collate the features highlighted in different categorizations and identify their similarities, but also emphasize their differences. We hope that an analysis of this type, now achievable during life, using advanced imaging, might lead to the appearance of a unified system for diagnosis and description of holes between the ventricles.
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Anderson et al. (2010) conducted a review in Holes between the ventricles (congenital cardiac malformation). Advanced imaging techniques (three-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography) was evaluated. Advanced imaging techniques such as three-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography may facilitate a unified system for diagnosing and describing holes between the ventricles.
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