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A concise, mild, and high yielding method yielding C2-symmetric biaryls is described. The addition of Cu(II) nitrate enhances the rate and the yield of the desired biaryl products. The conditions employed have yielded a number of substituted symmetric biaryls including 1,1′ and 2,2′ BINAP and are useful for the producing symmetric biaryls from their corresponding aryl boronic acids.
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Koza et al. (2002) studied this question.
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