Fabrication, Characterization and In Vitro Osteogenic Potential of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone-Titania (PVP-TiO ) Nanofibers

:For bone tissue engineering applications Titanium is the material of choice owing to its biocompatible and osteoconductive nature. Biocompatibility TiO2 is due to its unique properties of attracting surface proteins of cell surface. Our present study was designed to evaluate optimum conditions to get homogenous nanofibers of titanium with minimum fiber diameter. All the formulations were subjected to SEM analysis. By using protocol 1 the minimum size of nanofibers we could get is around 320 nm (NF1C) and for protocol 2 we could get around 90 nm (NF2C). XRD analysis of formulations NF1C and NF2C proved that the titanium is in anatase phase. We also evaluated biocompatibility, cell proliferation and osteogenic potential of two formulations (NF1C and NF2C) using mouse preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1). Osteogenic potential of NF1C and NF2C was evaluated by quantifying osteogenic markers of differentiation like ALP and calcium content. ALP activity was highly expressed in cells grown on NF1C and NF2C formulations but higher degree of expression was seen on NF2C. A similar trend was followed for calcium deposition when cells were cultured on NF1C and NF2C formulations for 7 days. Our experimental results indicated that nanofibrous TiO2 substrates not only supported cellular growth, adhesion, and proliferation but also can guide preosteoblasts to osteoblast lineage. These results may be useful in preparing osteoconductive scaffolding materials for bone tissue engineering applications.