Complex demagnetization characteristics of Alnico permanent magnet material forces pole design procedure to rely upon empirical methods. The Alnico material adopts several B-H (flux density-coercive force) curves due to nonhomogenous demagnetization, thereby causing hand calculations for magnet working conditions and generator voltage to be nebulous. A method is presented which yields the magnetic operating characteristics of the Alnico pole and corresponding generator terminal voltage for a given load current. The finite element modeling of the pole is based on a field solution of the magnet's severest previous demagnetization.
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Hughes et al. (1987) studied this question.
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