Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was coupled with a technology called position‐tagged spectrometry (PTS) to characterize the microstructure of a ceramic‐matrix composite at the submicrometer level. Low‐voltage microscopy with an FESEM microscope achieves both high‐resolution imaging of uncoated ceramic specimens and submicrometer X‐ray resolution with minimal specimen charging. The PTS technology involves scanning the electron beam and collecting X‐rays, as in mapping; however, in this case, the X‐ray photons are tagged with position information. X‐ray maps and full spectra were reconstructed from discrete parts of the composite. The distribution of oxygen within the fibers was measured and found to decrease from the surface to the interior. The composition and phase distribution of the matrix were also revealed at high resolution, and the phase compositions were quantified.
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Friel et al. (1997) studied this question.
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