Seawater electrolysis is emerging as one of the most promising technologies for hydrogen and oxygen generation for spatially constrained offshore and mobile-maritime applications. Herein, we show that lead ruthenate pyrochlore (Pb 2 Ru 2 O 7– x ) electrocatalyst displays higher OER (oxygen evolution reaction) activity and selectivity over parasitic ACSFR (active chlorine species formation reaction) in comparison to other reported electrocatalysts during simulated seawater electrolysis. The higher OER selectivity and activity of Pb 2 Ru 2 O 7– x as compared to benchmark RuO 2 is ascribed to the presence of a greater concentration of surface Ru(V) and oxygen vacancies. Simulated seawater electrolysis using Pb 2 Ru 2 O 7– x yields higher OER activity (60-fold) and selectivity at pH = 13 (∼99%) than at pH = 7 (∼68%) due to the unfavorable thermodynamics and kinetics of ACSFR at high pH. A current density of 275 mA/cm 2 is obtained at a cell voltage of 1.80 V at pH = 13 in an electrolyzer, with 10 mV voltage loss at 200 mA/cm 2 over 5 h of operation.
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Gayen et al. (2020) studied this question.
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