The fluorescent emission of Nd +3 , Sm +3 , Eu +3 , Tb +3 , and Dy +3 in a host were determined as functions of rare earth concentrations, and the optimum rare earth concentration for maximum fluorescence was established for each case. Single crystals containing these elements as active ions were grown by the Czochralski technique, and fluorescent lifetime and line‐width were determined for some. Excitation spectra for indicate energy exchange between and Eu +3 . A comparison of absorption spectra for and shows the considerably stronger absorption of the vanadate host especially in the 5800Aå region. A single crystal of the specific composition was machined into a Fabry‐Perot resonator and stimulated emission was observed at 300°K with a threshold of 3000 joules.
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Brixner et al. (1965) studied this question.