"Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) as a Robust Solid Phase for Efficient Metal Extraction from Aqueous Samples: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives"

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used polymer with diverse applications, and enhancing its surface properties has been a subject of considerable research. This review explores wet methods in which surface modification occurs through classic chemical reactions in the presence of solvents, with a particular emphasis on the pivotal role played by the chlorine atom. Dechlorination emerges as a crucial pathway for numerous surface modification reactions, facilitating the attachment of diverse molecules to the surface. Depending on the nature of these molecules, the surface exhibits varying degrees of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. These insights contribute to a comprehensive understanding of PVC surface engineering for applications in metal adsorption and removal from aqueous environments.