Iron overload and cofactors with special reference to alcohol, hepatitis C virus infection and steatosis/insulin resistance

�here are several cofactors which affect �od� iron cofactors which affect �od� iron factors which affect �od� iron meta�olism and accelerate iron overload�� Alcohol and and hepatic viral infections are the most t�pical examples for the most t�pical examples for clarif�ing the role of cofactors in iron overload�� �n these �n these conditions, iron is deposited in hepatoc�tes and Kupffer cells and reactive ox�gen species (R�S) produced through Fenton reaction have ke� role to facilitate cellular uptake of transferrin-�ound iron�� Furthermore, transferrin-�ound iron�� Furthermore, -�ound iron�� Furthermore, hepcidin, antimicro�ial peptide produced mainl� in the liver is also responsi�le for intestinal iron a�sorption and reticuloendothelial iron release�� �n patients with ceruloplasmin deficienc�, anemia and secondar� iron overload in liver and neurodegeneration are reported�� neration are reported�� ration are reported�� Furthermore, there is accumulating evidence that fatt� acid accumulation without alcohol and o�esit� itself modifies iron overload states.Ineffective erythropoiesis is also an important factor to accelerate iron overload, also an important factor to accelerate iron overload, important factor to accelerate iron overload, lerate iron overload, erate iron overload, rate iron overload, ate iron overload, ad, d, , which is associated with diseases such as thalassemia and m�elod�splastic s�ndrome�� When this condition persists, the dietar� iron a�sorption is increased due to the dietar� iron a�sorption is increased due to dietar� iron a�sorption is increased due to the increment of �one marrow er�thropoiesis and tissue iron overload will thereafter occurs�� �n porph�ria cutanea �n porph�ria cutanea tarda, iron is secondaril� accumulated in the liver�� lated in the liver�� ated in the liver�� ted in the liver�� ed in the liver��