New processing techniques based on the constant modulus adaptive algorithm

This paper presents three extensions of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) introduced in an earlier paper as a means of correcting degradations in constant enyelope waveforms. As originally formulated, the CMA employs an FIR filter with complex coefficients and accepts complex (quadrature) input data. In this paper, first a real input, real coefficient version of the algorithm is shown to perform arbitrarily close to the fully complex version. Secondly, the algorithm is extended for the enhancement of signals having a nonconstant but known envelope, as might arise in data signals with pulse shaping. Lastly, a multichannel version of CMA, wherein several observations are linearly combined, is presented for joint adaptation of multiple filters. This approach can be used, for example, as a means of spatial or polarization "beamsteering" to reject additive interferers and compensate for channel-induced polarization rotation.