The emulsifying properties of unsaturated polyesters (UP) have been studied. The composition of the UP was varied between ratios of ester groups/carbon chain atoms of 1:3 and 1:5. Surfactant properties of UPs are limited to a certain range of molecular weight, which depends on the UP structure. Aqueous solutions of potassium or triethylammonium salts of the UP solubilize lipophilic monomers like styrene. Depending on the method of emulsifying, normal or multiple emulsions were obtained. By continuous agitation or more rapidly by ultrasonic treatment the multiple emulsion may be transformed to a normal emulsion.
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Yu et al. (1982) studied this question.
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